Modoc War was an armed conflict between the Native American Modoc tribe and the United States Army in northeastern California and southeastern Oregon from 1872 to 1873. Captain Jack, also called Kintpuash, led the Modoc warriors out of the Klamath Reservation. This led to various conflicts with the local settlers and the U.S. Army. The final battle took place in the lava beds south of Tule Lake (in present-day Lava Beds National Monument), when the Modocs resisted the more numerous United States Army forces for months. In April 1873 at a Peace Commission meeting, Captain Jack and a few others killed two members of the Commission: General Edward Canby and Reverent Eleazer Thomas, and wounded two others. Captain Jack and three other warriors were executed for that crime. Daniel Woodhead studied and published works about the Modoc War. A copy of his book “Modoc Vengeance” is kept at the Shaw Historical library.